The National Science Foundation (NSF) has once again recognized research excellence in the Department of Computer Science at Stony Brook University by awarding Omkant Pandey a Faculty Early CAREER Development grant.
Pandey’s CAREER research focuses on how to secure our computer systems against an adversary equipped with quantum computing technology. Quantum computers can be much faster than traditional computers and can break almost all the cryptographic systems in deployment today that are used to secure data on the internet.
The threat of quantum computers thus needs to be taken seriously when designing secure cryptographic protocols. The goal of Pandey’s grant is to build cryptographic protocols for securely performing tasks on the internet while protecting against adversaries equipped with quantum computers. These protocols avoid the mathematical problems such as factoring, RSA, and discrete logarithm that traditional cryptographic systems are based on. Instead, they focus on mathematical techniques such as lattices and block ciphers that are also hard for quantum computers.
There is another serious problem that occurs when dealing with quantum capable adversaries. The rules of quantum mechanics imply that the state of a quantum machine cannot be exactly copied—i.e., “cloned”—without disturbing it. This is fundamentally different from our computers today where any data and code can be cloned as many times as we want without affecting the rest of the system. As a result, many cryptographic protocols in use no longer remain secure against a quantum computer because their security relies on cloning information in an unrestricted manner.
Pandey’s CAREER research also focuses on developing new techniques for proving security of cryptographic protocols without copying the quantum information. His particular focus is on achieving security “on the internet” where many programs and processes run simultaneously without the knowledge of each other. Security in this setting—often called “concurrent security”— is difficult to achieve since the adversary can launch coordinated attacks on many users by simultaneously controlling many sessions. Pandey will investigate alternative no-cloning methods for constructing foundational tools necessary for achieving concurrent security but currently require cloning.
The chair of the Department of Computer Science, Samir R. Das, expressed his utmost support for Pandey’s research, “With the goal of addressing critical security issues, Omkant’s CAREER research offers innovative methodologies to transform the field of post-quantum cryptography and secure computation.”
Working with a team of PhD students in his lab, this $400k+ in NSF research funding builds on Omkant’s early efforts as part of the National Security Institute (NSI) at Stony Brook University and broadens the reach of secure computational methodologies. To broaden the impact of this CAREER research, Omkant developed an educational plan that targets three key areas: mentoring, outreach, and classroom integration. Together these efforts will have a broad impact on a number of graduate, undergraduate, and high school students; teachers; and adults seeking new careers.
About the Researcher
Omkant Pandey is an assistant professor in the Department of Computer Science and a leading member of the National Security Institute at Stony Brook University. His research focuses on cryptography and its interplay with other areas in computer science. Pandey teaches security and theoretical computer science courses and advises several graduate students. Pandey earned his PhD in computer science from the University of California Los Angeles.